Improvement in machines for sawing barrel-heads



2Sheets--Sheet1. E. 8|. B. HOLMES.

Machine for Sawing Barrel-Heads.

N0. 166,873, Patented Aug.17,1875.

2S heets--Sheet2. E. & B. HOLMES,

Machine for Sawing Barrel-Heads.

N0.]66,87 3, Patented Aug.17,1875.

mPE ERS, FHDTO-LITNDGRAFHER. WASHINGTON o C.

- and BRITAIN HOLMES,

- and provided with a spiral or other UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE EDWARD HOLMES AND BRITAIN HOLMES, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENTIN MACHINES FOR SAWI'NG BARREL-HEADS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 166,873, dated August 17, 1875; application-filed August'7, 1874.

Toull, whom it. may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD HoLMEs Buffalo,

have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Sawing Barrel-Heads, of which the following is a specification:

Our invention consists of certain combinations and arrangements of machinery, the

nature of which will be best understood fromthe following description and from the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets,

in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of our improved machine. Fig. 2 is a top plan view, and Fig. 3 is a. vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 4. is a transverse section in line w as, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an elevation of therear portion of the supporting-frame; Fig. 6, a rear elevation of the movable clamping-head.

Like letters of reference designate like partsin each of the, figures.

A is the base-plate of the machine, and A A? two hollow pillars or standards secured thereto. B is the stationary clamping-head turningin fixed bearings b b attached. to the top plate of the standard A, and rotated by a screw-wheel, b and worm-gear, b as clearly shown in Fig.3. D is the movable clampinghead, arranged in line with the head B,and provided with a hollow shaft, d, which is supported in suitable bearings in the standard A. d are'elastic points arranged in the head D for clamping the head-blank while being operated upon. They slide in sockets d formed on the rear side of the clamping-head, suitable spring tending to hold the points (P so as to project from the face of the head D. e is the centering pin or red arranged axially within the hollow shaft 0 of the head D, with its inner pointed end projecting through thelatter. It is moved longitudinally in either direction by a bent lever, 0 pivoted to the pillar A at e. f is a rectangular box or block arranged 011 the shaft (1 within the pillar A and bearing with its inner end against the hub of the head D. f f are the two links of a toggle-joint, having its abutment at f within the pillar A, and connecting with the box f, so as to slide the same, and the shaft d and head D attached both of the city of in the county of Erie and State of New York,

thereto in its bearings. f isthe rod connecting the links f to the foot-lever f, by which the head D is moved toward the stationary head B inclamping the head-blank.

gisaspring locking-hook, pivoted within the: standard A at 9 and engaging, with its lower end, under the inner end of the foot-lever f when the latter is fully depressed and the head-blank clamped, so as to retain the clampin g-head D. in its proper position while the head is being sawed. g is a disengaging-1e ver, connecting at its lower end with the upper arm of the spring-hook 9 so that by swinging the upper end of the lever g backward the hooky is withdrawn from the foot-leverf,

as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, when the clamping-head D is returned to its open position by the reaction of the spring-points d. In order to release the head D automatically at the completion of each revolution we employ the following mechanism: h is a horizontal shaft, -A as shown in Fig. 4, and provided, in front arranged transversely in the standard of the spring-hook g, with a cam or projection, h. The shaft h carries, on its portion project:

ing outside of the standard. A an arm, it connected, by a rod, h, with an arm, h mounted loosely on the hollow shaft d of the head D. t is a cam, secured to the, outer end of the shaft. (1 in such manner that when the head D is in a closed position, and has about completed a I revolution, the cam twill engage under a nose or projection, a, on the rod h, and lift the latter, whereby the shaft h is turned, and the cam h forced against the spring-hook g, so as to withdraw the latter from the foot-lever f 3 when the head D is released and returned to an open position. j is the cutter-shaft, revolving in bearings j, formed with the swinging frame J, and carrying at its outer end aci'rcu- .la-r saw, K, and chamfering-cutters h. The

shaft j is arranged in the same horizontal plane with the shafts of the heads B and D, and is driven by a pulley, j l is the vertical pivot-pin, forming the fulcrum of the frame J. It is attached to plate L, sliding between longitudinal ways formed in the top of the standard A parallel to the axial line of the heads B and D. The central lines of the fulcrum-pin .l is located in a vertical plane laid through .the axial line of the heads ED, and also in material is effected, as

the standard A passes through thecentral line of the cutter-- shaft j, so that the "ertic'al fulcrum on which the saw K swings is located in the point of intersection of the center line of the saw-shaft with the axisof the heads B D.

The saw Kis made in the shape of a spherical segment, having for its radius the distance from the saw to its 'ulcrum, whereby the binding of the saw while cutting is avoided, as the cut is a continuation of the spherical surface of the saw, while, at the same time, a saving the width of the cut or the set of the saw can be made, very narrow.

m is the shaft of the foot-lever or treadle f supported in two bearings, m secured respectively to the standards A A m is an arm, secured to the shaft in in front of the standard A and connecting, by means of a chain or rope, m running over a guide-pulley, m, with a loop on the swinging frame J, so that when the foot-lever f is depressed in clamping a head-blank, the frame J is swung inwardly by the same movement, and the cutev ters K .ltvbrought in engagement with the blank. The chain or rope m is preferably provided with an interposed spring-coupling, at, to take up any slack in the rope in adj usting the swinging frame and the sliding pivotblock L, as will presently beexplained. n is a weight, attached by a rope running over a guide-pulley, W, to the opposite side of the swinging frame, and operates to return the latter to its outwardly-projecting position when the clamplng-head D and footlever f are released. 0 is a pendent pivot-bearing, attached to the under side of the top plate of and 0, a bell-crank lever, pivoted to the lower end thereof, with one arm projecting horizontally into the standard A, while the other arm thereofassumes a vertical direction. 19 is a lug formedon the under side .of the sliding block L, and p a screw passing through a threaded hole in the lug p, and tripping into the vertical arm of the bell-crank lever 0. I

By turning the screw p ,-the sliding block L, carrying the pivot l, is

from the clamping-heads B D,-so as to cause the saw K to come in contact with the headcenter thereof, whereby the machine is readily adapted to saw heads of different diameters.

p is a jam-nut, arranged on the screw 9 and bearing against the lug 19, so as to lock the screw 19 in its position after having been adjusted. 9, Fig. 6, is an oval cam, arranged on the rear side of the clam ping-head D; and g a roller engaging therewith, and turning on, the end of a bent rod, 1 the long arm of which extends downward in the standard A and connects with one arm of a lever, r, pivoted on the under side of the base-plate A, as shown in Fig. 3. 1" is a rod, connecting the opposite arm of the lever 1" with the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever 0 which is slotted to enable the throw of the lever to be adjusted.

adjusted toward or a pulley T is held in wheels b b .As the head D revolves, during the operation of cutting a barrel-head the cam q causes a run at right angles to the fiber of the wood. This arrangement for cutting the head compensates for the unequal contraction of the wood, and insures a circular form of the head after it has become seasoned and ready for use. gisa weight attached tothe rear side of the head D, near the circumference thereof, and in line with the shorter diameter of the cam q, so that when the head D is released and opened the weight will insure the latter remaining in such a position that the sho ter diameter of the cam q will assume a vertical direction when the head D is in the proper position for the commencement of the next cutting operation. "8 is a rest or support, consisting of a bar bent to the shape ofa right angle and arranged under the-clampingheads B D. The downwardly-extending arm of the bar 8 turns in a bracket-bearing, s, and has a spiral spring coiled around it. In introducing 'the head blank between the clamping-heads B D, it is placed upon the rest 8, which affords a temporary support for the blank until it is properly clamped. The corners of the blank, while the latter is being rotated, turn the rest 8 out of the way, and the spring returns it to its former position as soon as it is released. t is the horizontal shaft by which the motion is transmitted to the clamping-head B. It is supported in suitable bearings under the top plate of the standard A and carries near its inner end the worm- I gear b engaging, with the screw-wheel b T is the driving-pulley, mounted loosely on the shaft t, and formed with a conical cavity in which fits the friction-pulley T, which lat-- ter is capable of longitudinal movement on a key or feather secured to the shaft t. The

contact with the fr ictionpulley T bya spring, c, arranged on the shaft t, between the pulley T and an abutment-collar, 0 secured to the end of the shaft 1.. The friction-wheel T is retained in its-relative position to the swinging frame J byan arm, 11?, attached to the latter. a is a hand-lever pivoted to an arm, 11 secured to the standard with a sliding collar, a

A and connecting t between the pulley T arranged on the shaft and spring 02. f and swinging the frame J inwardly on its By depressing the foot-lever,

pivot for engaging the cutters with the h ead-= blank, the

thereof transmitted by the shaft t and gearto the head B, while upon re.

friction-pulley T is pressed against, the loose driving-pulley T, and the motion,-

leasing the cutter-frame J the friction-pulley T is withdrawn from the driving-pulley T, and the motion of the head B stopped.

By pressing the lever u outward; so as to release the pulley T from the pressure of the 7 spring '0, the motion of the head B can be arrested while the head is being cut and without shifting the cutting mechanism.

a is an adjustable stop secured to the arm a by a set-screw, so'as to limit the inward movement of the lever to, and prevent the pulley T from following the outward movement of the cutter-frame J in withdrawing from the head-blank.

The head-blanks are prepared by doweling together a suitable number of rectangular pieces of lumber and planing the same on one side, when a punch-mark is formed in the center of the blank on the rough side thereof. The head-blank is now placed on the support s between the open clamping-heads, with its rough side toward the head D, and with the grain running vertically. The centering-pin e is then pushed forward and the blank adjusted until its punch-mark is entered by the rod 6, when the foot-lever f is depressed, whereby the head D is moved against the head-blank, which is firmly clamped between the spring-points d and head B, the cutting operation commencing at the same time. The centering-rod e is then withdrawn to its former position.

When the barrel-head is completed the head D is released and withdrawn by the mechanism hereinbefore described, and the barrel-head removed from between the clamping-heads B and D, leaving the parts in the proper position for the reception of a new blank.

What we claim as our invention is 1. The combination of the clamping-heads, cutter, cutter-shaft, and swinging frame or bearin gs thereof, with the pivot of said swing ing frame or bearings made adjustable in line of the axes of the clamping-heads, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, with the clamping-head D, toggle-joint f f and foot-lever f, of the locking spring-catch g, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the clamping-head D and locking device, of the releasing-cam and shaft h h, arm h hooked rod h, and revolving cam i, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

4. The combination, with the treadle of the clamping mechanism, of the rock-shaft m, arm m chain m spring m and swinging cutterframe J, for simultaneously clamping the headblank and swinging the cutter in contact with the latter, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, with the swinging frame and drivin gshaft, of the clutch T T and clutcharm 0 substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

6. The combination, with the friction-clutch T T and arm u, of the auxiliary releasing springlever u and adjustable stop a", substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

'7. The combination, with the slidingpivotblock L and clamping-head D, of the oval cam q, roller g and mechanism connecting the latter with the block L for cutting the heads slightly oval, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

8. The combination, with the clamping-head D, provided with the oval cam q, of the weight g for causing the head D, after being released, to assume the proper position for the'next cutting operation, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

9. The combination, with the swinging frame and sliding pivot-block L, of the chain m conmeeting with the treadle and provided with a spring for taking up the slack thereof, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

10. The spring head-rest 8, arranged so as to be swung out of the way by the head-blank as it revolves, substantially as herein shown and described.

EDWARD HOLMES. BRITAIN HOLMES.

Witnesses:

J NO. J. BONNER, ERNEST HonDIoK. 

